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Soccer DEMENTIA in Football >World Cup Hero Demands Public Inquiry

World Cup 1966 Hero George Cohen Demands Public Inquiry into Dementia in Football

EXCLUSIVE: Ex-players are more than three times at risk of the condition, a landmark study which tracked thousands of footballers revealed

Former footballers three times more likely to die of dementia, study confirms


DailyMirror •27 Oct 2019




Cohen is calling for change in protocol in football (Image: Daily Mirror)


World Cup winning legend George Cohen is demanding a public inquiry into dementia in football - as it was revealed ex-players are more than three times at risk of the condition.

A landmark study tracked 7,600 ex-professionals and compared them to 23,000 similar individuals in the general population.

World Cup 1966 hero Cohen last night demanded help for ex-players as it was revealed they are three-and-a-half times more likely to die from dementia.

He also backed calls from Jeff Astle’s daughter and an MP in demanding a Government probe.

In an exclusive interview with the Mirror, George, who turns 80 on Tuesday, said: “There are a lot of unanswered questions and I think this needs to be fully investigated. We need more information.”

The Football Association-backed project follows concerns that heading the ball causes lasting damage.




Cohen (left) with Jack Charlton during England training in 1965 (Image: Mirrorpix)


It is the biggest ever study of neurodegenerative conditions in footballers and revealed players were five times more likely to be killed by Alzheimer’s disease.

They also had a four-fold increase in motor neurone deaths and a two-fold increased risk of dying from Parkinson’s disease.

Three Lions 1966 heroes Martin Peters, Nobby Stiles and Ray Wilson all have dementia.

George, who played full-back, said the findings could be the “tip of the iceberg”.

“I imagine there will be many more players from that era,” he said.

“We had no idea, we were just doing our jobs and heading the ball.

“I never thought my old teammates would have suffered like they have. We didn’t understand in those days but we see it now the years have gone on.”

The study included Scottish ex-pros born between 1900 and 1976.

Dementia medications were prescribed five times more frequently to ex-players.




Jeff Astle died of dementia in 2002 (Image: Getty Images)


The Mirror has been at the forefront of highlighting the issue after former England striker Jeff Astle died from the disease in 2002, aged 59.

The inquest into the West Bromwich Albion legend’s death found heading heavy leather footballs repeatedly had contributed to trauma to his brain.

His daughter Dawn yesterday said she was “staggered” by the findings and is demanding a full Government inquiry.

She said: “My overall feeling is that I am staggered even though my own research and instinct was always that there was a serious problem.

“There will be no celebrations. It doesn’t bring my dad back, it won’t bring any other dads and husbands back. We knew dad could not be the only one. We just wanted that question answered.

“We just wanted to see that football cared enough to find out the scale of the problem, to do the right thing and be there for these people when they need them most.

“These players who have suffered dementia must not be a statistic - they must never be forgotten. They remain in the consciousness of the game.




Astle's wife Laraine (left) and daughter Claire (Image: Birmingham Mail)


“The government should step in. When did football know? What did they do?

There should be a full inquiry into what people knew.

“We know there have been warnings that have been ignored.”

George said: “I agree with her, I would definitely support that.”

John Stiles, son of England 1966 World Cup hero Nobby, said: “These findings come as absolutely no surprise.

“We never had any doubt that dad’s dementia was linked to the years he spent heading footballs. This is the first time there has been proper data to show that footballers are more likely to develop and die from dementia.

“Hopefully the authorities will now have to do more to support former footballers living with this disease and protect current players.”

Football Association chairman Greg Clarke said: “The whole game must recognise that this is only the start of our understanding and there are many questions that still need to be answered.




FA chairman Clarke says this is only the start of the changes (Image: X03807)


“It is important that the global football family now unites to find the answers and provide a greater understanding of this complex issue.”

The study was led by pioneering neuropathologist Dr Willie Stewart at Glasgow University. It has sparked calls for stricter concussion protocols and a full review of how football could be safer in matches and training sessions.

George told us: “I think there should be regular, compulsory testing for players when they finish.

“How long after playing do side effects begin? Players need to know what to look out for.”

“We have tests for everything else so once per year to look [players] would seem like a good idea.

“The PFA’s taking a great deal more interest in this area and that’s good, but you’ve got to ask why it was not investigated more a long time ago

“I knew how to header and if I went to meet the ball and connect properly, that would take the sting out of it.

“But if the ball just hit you on the head then believe me, you felt that.

“It was dangerous and nasty, I didn’t like it. And if a ball like that would graze the side of the head it was pretty terrible too.

“But also, but when I look at my old friends - Nobby (Styles), Ray (Wilkins), Martin (Peters) - I think to myself ‘would they do the same thing?’.

“Knowing them, I think they probably would.”

Dr Paul Williams, Labour MP for Stockton South, said: “No sportsman should have to risk their future health. “If as the study suggests dementia, motor neurone disease and Parkinson’s disease are much more likely in ex-footballers then we need a thorough inquiry to investigate why, and what needs to be done to mitigate this risk.

“The beautiful game needs to be safe for supporters and players.”

There was no significant difference in dementia rates between goalkeepers and outfield players.

QPR legend and former England international Stan Bowles has been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.




QPR legend Bowles has been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (Image: Mirrorpix)


His daughter Andria Bowles said: “What about those footballers who played for lower league teams, who aren’t as well remembered and can’t rely on help from fans? It is heartbreaking that the game has not done more to help them.

“When you look at transfer fees now and the millions that are handed over to these so-called ‘super agents’, I can’t understand why more money isn’t set aside to help former footballers who are suffering.

“Hopefully this research is the first step to ensuring that the game recognises its responsibility to protect players from developing dementia in future and to help those already suffering from this awful disease.

“Dad has deteriorated so much. He barely eats anything now. He used to love to walk to the local pub or to see his brother, but he can’t go out on his own anymore. He would wander out into the road.

“I still put the football on for him to watch, but he can’t talk to tell me whether he likes it or not. I hope he does. It was always his passion and he brought fans so much joy.”




Bowles pictured earlier this year (Image: Daily Mirror)


Lead investigator Dr Stewart sits on the Football Association’s Expert Panel in Concussion and World Rugby’s Independent Concussion Advisory Group.

He was the first person to identify the brain condition chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in a UK footballer when in 2014 he examined Astle’s brain, 12 years after his death. CTE gets worse overtime and can result in dementia.

Dr Stewart said: “An important aspect of this work has been the ability to look across a range of health outcomes in former professional footballers.

This allows us to build a more complete picture of health in this population.

“Our data show that while former footballers had higher dementia rates, they had lower rates of death due to other major diseases.

“As such, whilst every effort must be made to identify the factors contributing to the increased risk of neurodegenerative disease to allow this risk to be reduced, there are also wider potential health benefits of playing football to be considered.”




Astle heads a football in 1966 (Image: Mirrorpix)


The study is titled ‘Football’s Influence on Lifelong Health and Dementia Risk’ or FIELD for short. It found that deaths in ex-footballers were lower than expected up to age 70, and higher than expected after that age.

Football was invented in Britain and is now played in over 200 countries by more than a quarter of a billion people.



German football icon Gerd Muller has also been diagnosed with dementia. The 73-year-old former World Cup winning goal scorer is cared for in a nursing home.

One of the world’s leading experts on brain injuries, Dr Bennet Omalu, said last year that he thought heading a football should be restricted in the professional game and banned for under 18s.

PFA chief executive Gordon Taylor said it was “incumbent on football globally to come together to address this issue in a comprehensive and united manner”.

He added: “Research must continue to answer more specific questions about what needs to be done to identify and reduce risk factors.”

It is not clear from the study what the exact causes of the increased rates of dementia are.

The FA said in a statement:

“The study does not determine whether the cause is due to concussions suffered by the group of professional footballers, or concussion management, or heading of the football, or style of play, or the design and composition of footballs over the years, or personal lifestyle, or some other factor.”


The governing body said the study’s findings had been reviewed by an independent Medical and Football Advisory Group.

The group recommended re-issuing the current FA concussion guidelines and best-practice advice for coaching heading and called for further steps to improve head injury management, like supporting UEFA’s proposals to introduce concussion substitutes.

The group said more research was needed and there was “not enough evidence at this stage to make other changes to the way the modern-day game is played”.

The FA and Professional Footballers Association have pledged to continue research.

The Mirror understands no Government inquiry is planned as it awaits more research in to football and dementia.


Read More

Former footballers three times more likely to die of dementia, study confirms

Call for independent doctors at football matches amid alarming dementia study

Football legends donate their brains to aid research into dementia in sport





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