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Charles-50 years a Prince-Soon To Be a King
Prince of Wales
Title given to the Heir to the British Throne
Prince Charles is the 21st holder of the title which began in 1301, when Edward I formally created his son - destined to be Edward II - Prince of Wales.
The title is intended for the male heir apparent to the throne, but is an appointment, rather than a birthright. In fact every male heir to the British throne has been given the title
The title is often vacant, for example, when the present Queen came to the throne in 1952, there had been no holder since King Edward VIII, who held the title from 1911 to 1936 (when he came to the throne, and ceased to be heir to the throne)
The Queen gave Prince Charles the title of in 1958 when he was 9 years old, and apparently considered old enough to understand the significance of the role
The Crest of Three Ostrich Plumes
The badge comprises three silver (or white) feathers rising through a gold coronet of alternate crosses and fleur-de-lys. The motto "Ich Dien" (I serve) is on a dark blue ribbon beneath the coronet.
The Crest of three ostrich plumes were from to the House of Hainault, from which Edward the Black Prince's mother came. And the motto "Ich Dien" formed part of the arms of the King of Bohemia (nobody seems to know how he entered the scene).
In any event, Edward the Black Prince used them at the Battle of Crecy and they became associated with the title
Edward III became Prince in 1343, attracted thousands of Welshmen to join him to fight in the French wars.In fact, a quarter of Edward's troops were composed of Welsh archers and spearmen.
The feathers were then adopted by the honourable Society of Cymmrodorion in 1751, and today they are the badge of the Welsh National Rugby Union team.
Previous Princes
Llewelyn ap Gruffydd
Llewelyn ap Gruffydd, the last native Prince. Llewelyn the Last (1248-82) had declared himself Prince of Wales in 1258 as he tried to regain territories surrendered to the English after the death of his uncle, Llewelyn the Great (1194-1240)
Edward of Caernarfon
The title was recreated in 1301 for Edward of Caernarfon, the future Edward II. It was the first time the eldest son of the King of England was invested as Prince of Wales, making Edward II the first of the current line of Princes of Wales, Edward was born at Caernarfon in North Wales, and was invested with the title in 1301 at the age of 16. He acceded the throne as Edward II on June 8, 1307.
Edward, the Black Prince
Edward did not pass his Welsh title to his son, Edward III. But to his grandson, another Edward, the Black Prince. He got the title at the age of 12 in 1343. Since then, it has been traditional for the title to be held by the eldest son of the kings or queens of England.
Some Who Never Became king
Six holders died before they became king, including
Prince Arthur, eldest son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. Created at the age of three in 1489, and Prince Arthur died in 1502, and the title went to his brother, later to become Henry VIII.
Prince Henry, eldest son of James I and Anne of Denmark, was 16 when he was created Prince of Wales in 1610. He died in November 1612 - and was succeeded by his brother, the future Charles I.
Prince Frederick, eldest son of George II and Queen Caroline, was created in 1729, but died before his father. His son, the future George III, got the title when he was 12.
Some Had to Wait a Long Time to Become King
Queen Victoria created her first son in 1841, four weeks after he was born; he had to wait until January 1901 before becoming King Edward VII. Less than ten months later, in November 1901, the future King George V was created prince - at the age of 36.
Not All Lasted Long on The Throne
Prince Edward, son of King George V and Queen Mary, was created Prince of Wales on his 16th birthday in 1910. Edward became King Edward VIII on January 20, 1936. but abdicated, on December 10, 1936, the throne passing to his brother, King George VI - grandfather of the present Prince of Wales.
Prince Charles became Prince of Wales aged just nine years old, but it was not until 11 years later, in the summer of 1969, that he was formally invested with the title by the Queen in a spectacular ceremony at Caernarfon Castle Wales.
The event was watched by half a billion people around the world putting Wales firmly on the global stage. But it was not without controversy as, for some, the celebration also became a moment for nationalist protest
Five decades on, the Prince is now the longest-serving Prince of Wales in history and his affection for the nation and its people is as strong as ever. Around the world he is widely regarded as one of the nation’s greatest ambassadors.
In commemoration of this landmark anniversary, ITV has been granted unique access to the Prince at his secluded Welsh home of Llwynywermod, and with the Duchess of Cornwall on their annual Welsh tour, making new friends and reconnecting with people from the Prince’s past.
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