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Ladybbird 19-04-17 18:26

Mankind Close to Destroying Earth-NOW So Much Space Junk May Cause Collisions?
 
Explosion in Space Junk Will Cause Satellite Crashes 'to Soar by 50%'
> as Experts Warn of New Mega-Constellations
  • A decrease in the cost of the manufacture of satellites will lead to a boom
  • There will be massive rise in number of active satellites from 1,300 currently
  • Collisions would increase the amount of space junk in orbit, warn experts
Daily Mail UK, 19 April 2017.


The launch of 'mega-constellations' of thousands of communication satellites could lead to a rise in collisions and build-up of space junk in Earth's orbit, scientists have warned.



A decrease in the cost of the manufacture of satellites is set to lead to the deployment of hundreds or thousands into space from next year, creating a massive rise in the number of active satellites from the 1,300 currently in use.

But Dr Hugh Lewis, senior lecture in aerospace engineering at the University of Southampton, has warned a 200-year computer simulation has shown the creation of a mega-constellation could create a 50% increase in the number of 'catastrophic collisions' between satellites.


http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2017/...2474409056.jpg


The launch of 'mega-constellations' of thousands of communication satellites could lead to a rise in collisions and build-up of space junk in Earth's orbit


He said this would increase the amount of space junk in orbit leading to the possibility of further collisions and the subsequent impact on the services provided by the satellites.
He said: 'There has been a paradigm shift in the manufacturing of satellites. The cost of making a single communications satellite usually runs to hundreds of millions of pounds, but mass-produced satellites will potentially be much cheaper.


http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2017/...1917060508.jpg


Experts from the European Space Agency have warned that millions of objects floating in orbit around the planet could one day lead to a collision like an 'exploding grenade' in space - similar to scenes from the Hollywood blockbuster Gravity



'The constellations that are due to be deployed from next year contain an unprecedented number of satellites - and a constellation launched without much thought will see a significant impact on the space environment because of the increased rate of collisions that might occur.'
Dr Lewis' study, funded by the European Space Agency, has created a series of guidelines to help prevent collisions including decreasing the amount of time spent in low orbit after the end of a mission, making the satellites smaller and more lightweight, adding propulsion systems and deploying missions to remove faulty satellites.



Quote:

THE WORLD OF SPACE JUNK

Since the first object, Sputnik One, was launched into space 53 years ago, mankind has launched thousands of spacecraft, satellites and rockets into space.
This has created a swarm of tens of millions of pieces of debris.

The rubbish circling the planet comes from old rockets, abandoned satellites and missile shrapnel.
But it also includes a missing spatula, a lost glove and a stray toothbrush.
Bags of rubbish ejected into space by cosmonauts on board the Mir Space Station also still pose a risk.

Among the more unusual items to be added to the list of space junk was a spatula dropped by astronaut Piers Sellers while conducting repairs on the space shuttle discovery in 2006.

A tool bag was lost by astronaut Heide Stefanyshyn in 2008 and it added to the hazards in orbit until it burned up in 2009.

A glove was lost by astronaut Ed White on the first US space-walk and a pair of pliers were lost during a space walk in 2007.



See How Much Space Debris Increased Between 1957-2015




Space Junk - Space Debris Falling To Earth (Full Documentary)



Ladybbird 25-10-20 03:58

Re: Mankind Close to Destroying Earth-NOW So Much Space Junk May Cause Collisions?
 
Pieces of Orbiting Space Junk Avoid Many Collisions

With the objects having a combined mass of more than 2.5 tonnes and relative velocity of 14.66km/s (32,800mph), any collision would have been catastrophic and produced a shower of debris.

So many items of space junk expected to pass close to one another have avoided collision, said a company which uses radar to track objects in orbit.


BBC UK Science Editor, 24 OCT. 2020.


https://c.files.bbci.co.uk/14CDD/pro...14931258_1.jpg

There is growing concern about the potential for more collisions in space


LeoLabs had said a defunct Russian satellite and a discarded Chinese rocket segment were likely to come within 25m of each other.

It said there were no signs of debris over Antarctica on Friday morning.

Other experts thought Kosmos-2004 and the ChangZheng rocket stage would pass with a far greater separation.

With the objects having a combined mass of more than 2.5 tonnes and relative velocity of 14.66km/s (32,800mph), any collision would have been catastrophic and produced a shower of debris.

And given the altitude of almost 1,000km, the resulting fragments would have stayed around for an extremely long time, posing a threat to operational satellites.

LeoLabs, a Silicon Valley start-up, offers orbital mapping services using its own radar network.

Dr Moriba Jah, an astrodynamicist at the University of Texas at Austin, worked out the miss distance to be about 70m.

And the Aerospace Corporation, a highly respected consultancy, came to a similar conclusion.

With more and more satellites being launched, there is growing concern about the potential for collisions.

The big worry is the burgeoning population of redundant hardware in orbit - some 900,000 objects larger than 1cm by some counts - and all of it capable of doing immense damage to, or even destroying, an operational spacecraft in a high-velocity encounter.

This week, the European Space Agency released its annual State of the Space Environment report, which highlighted the ongoing problem of fragmentation events.

These include explosions in orbit caused by left-over energy - in fuel and batteries - aboard old spacecraft and rockets.

On average over the last two decades, 12 accidental fragmentations have occurred in space every year - "and this trend is unfortunately increasing", the agency said.

Also this week, at the online International Astronautical Congress, a group of experts listed what they regarded as the 50 most concerning derelict objects in orbit.

A large proportion of them were old Russian, or Soviet-era, Zenit rocket stages.


RELATED:
British small satellite tracks 'space junk'






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